IGR Book of Laws

The 21 laws of rugby union, set and regulated by World Rugby, define the rules and regulations governing the game.

These laws cover various aspects of play, from scoring and player positions to foul play and match procedures.

These laws are comprehensive and continuously reviewed and updated by World Rugby to ensure the safety of players, maintain fairness, and promote an exciting and skillful game. Understanding and adhering to these laws are crucial for players, coaches, referees, and fans to appreciate and enjoy the sport of rugby union. 

For a complete listing of the 21 laws along with definitions, variations, law application guidelines and clarifications in law, visit World Rugby by clicking here https://www.world.rugby/the-game/laws/home  

    • A try (5 points) is scored by grounding the ball with downward pressure in the opponent’s in-goal area. 

    • Conversion (2 points) is attempted by kicking the ball through the goalposts after scoring a try. 

    • Penalty kicks (3 points) and drop goals (3 points) can be scored during play. 

    • Teams consist of 15 players divided into forwards and backs. 

    • Positions include props, hookers, locks (second-row forwards), flankers, number 8 (forwards), scrum-half, fly-half, centers, wingers, and fullback (backs). 

    • Scrums: Contested by eight players from each team to restart play after certain infringements. 

    • Lineouts: Used to restart play after the ball goes out of bounds, involving players lifting teammates to catch the ball. 

    • Rucks and Mauls: Occur when players contest possession on the ground (ruck) or while standing (maul). 

    • Tackling: Players can tackle opponents below the shoulders but must do so safely and without using excessive force. 

    • Offside, high tackles, dangerous play, and deliberate infringements result in penalties or free kicks. 

    • Yellow cards (temporary suspension) or red cards (permanent expulsion) can be issued for serious foul play or repeated infringements. 

    • Referees enforce the laws and ensure fair play, making decisions during the match. 

    • Matches consist of two halves, each lasting 40 minutes (80 minutes total), plus added time for stoppages. 

    • Advantage may be played if a team suffers a minor infringement but can benefit from continuing play. 

    • The ball can be passed backward or kicked forward but cannot be passed or knocked forward.